Tigris and Euphrates river waters have been receding over the last decade as northern Iraq and Syria experience ongoing drought (Geopolitical Monitor, August 11, 2014). According to a recent analysis, “Some of the more extreme projections hold that, owing to a combination of climate change and upstream dam activity, the Tigris and Euphrates rivers won’t have sufficient flow to reach the sea by as early as 2040” (ibid.).