For centuries rulers and their governments have struggled to prevent counterfeiting of monetary currency. We face an increasing barrage of counterfeit products in our marketplaces. Various consumer products of inferior quality are being sold falsely under prestigious brand names. Counterfeiting represents a major threat to global economic health. But what of ideas? False ideas and rumors not based in truth also can carry with them a terrible cost and hideous consequences. Today it has become common to refer to such as “fake news”. Formerly we called it lies.